1. WORLD WIDE WEB, HOME PAGE
Basic Form
Author/editor (if known). (Revision or copyright date, if available).
Title of page. [Publication medium]. Page publisher. Available: URL
(Protocol:Site/Path/File) [Access date].
Example
Nordstrom personal touch America. [Online]. Nordstrom, Inc. Available: http://www.npta.com/ [1996,
Nov. 14].
2. WORLD WIDE WEB, SECONDARY PAGE
Basic Form
Author/editor (if known). (Revision or copyright date, if available).
Title of page. [Publication medium]. Page Publisher. Available: URL
(Protocol:Site/Path/File) [Access date].
Example
Goizueta, R. C. (1996, 26 February). Annual report to share owners.
[Online]. Coca-Cola Company. Available: http://www.cocacola.com/
co/chairman.html [1996, Nov. 14].
3. BOOK, ONLINE
Basic Form
Author. (Date--indicate "No date" if none is known). Title
of book. (Edition or other available information) [Publication medium].
Producer (optional) Available: URL (Protocol:Site/Path/File) [Access date].
Examples
Strunk, W., Jr. (1918). The elements of style [Online].
Available: http://www.columbia.edu/acis/bartleby/strunk/strunk/html#11 [1996,
June 5].
McCaskill, M. K. (No date). Grammar, punctuation, and capitalization:
A handbook for technical writers and editors (Chapter 3) [Online].
Available: http://www.sti.larc.nasa.gov/html/Chapt3-TOC.html [1996, June 16].
4. BOOK REVIEW, ONLINE
Basic Form
Author of review. (Date). [Review of Book title by Author]
[Publication medium]. Journal or Magazine Title. Volume(issue)
(if given), paging or n. pag. indicating no pagination. Available: URL
(Protocol:Site/Path/File) [Access date].
Example
Hansen, R. (1995). [Review of A pragmatic approach to business ethics
by A. Michalos] [Online]. The Online Journal of Ethics 1(1), n.
pag. Available: http://condor.depaul.edu/ethics/michalos.html [1996, May 5].
5. ENCYLOPEDIA ARTICLE, ONLINE
Basic Form
Author/editor (if given). (Date). Title of material accessed. In Source
(edition) (if given) [Publication medium]. Producer (optional). Available: URL
(Protocol:Site/Path/File) [search term if necessary for retrieval] [Access
date].
Example
Stock market crash of 1929. (1995). In Britannica Online
[Online]. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Available: http://www.eb.com ["stock
market"] [1996, June 7].
6. ENCYCLOPEDIA ARTICLE, CD-ROM
Basic Form
Author/editor (if given). (Date). Title of material accessed. In Source
(edition, release, or version, if relevant) Available: [Publication medium].
Location: Name of Producer.
Example
Genetic engineering. (1994). In Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
(Version 2.0) Available: [CD-ROM].
Carlsbad, CA: Compton's NewMedia, Inc.
7. FTP FILE
Basic Form
Author (if known). (Date). Title [Publication medium]. Available: URL
(Protocol:Site/Path/File) [Access date].
Example
Parson, R. (1996, May 15). What is the antarctic ozone hole? [Online].
Available: ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/ozone-depletion/
antarctic [1996, June 7].
8. JOURNAL ARTICLE, ONLINE
Basic Form
Author. (Date). Title. Journal Title [Publication medium],volume(issue)
(if given), paging. Available: URL (Protocol:Site/Path/File) [Access date].
Examples
Koehn, D. (1995). The ethics of handwriting analysis in pre-employment
screening. The Online Journal of Ethics [Online], 1:1, n. pag.
Available: http://condor.depaul.edu/ethics/hand.html [1996, June 2].
Nakata, C. and Sivakumar, K. (1996, January). National culture and new
product development: An integrative review. Journal of Marketing
[Online], 60:1, 12 pages. Available: telnet://melvyl.ucop.edu [1996, May
13].
9. JOURNAL ARTICLE, CD-ROM
Basic Form
Author. (Date). Title. Journal Title [Publication medium], volume(issue)
(if given), paging. Available:
Supplier/Database name (Database identifier or number, if available)/Item or
accession number [Access date].
Example
Clark, J. K. (1994). Complications in academia: Sexual harassment and
the law. Siecus Report [CD-ROM], 21(6), 6-10. Available: 1994
SIRS/SIRS 1993 School/Volume 4/Article 93A [1995, June 13].
10. MAGAZINE ARTICLE, ONLINE
Basic Form
Author. (Date). Title. Magazine Title [Publication medium], volume
(if given), paging. Name of computer service and/or database. Available: URL
(Protocol:Site/Path/File) [Access date].
Examples
Rosner, H. (1996, March 4) Will e-mail become j-mail? Brandweek[Online],
37, 30. ABI/INFORM. Available: telnet://melvyl.ucop.edu [1996, May 13].
Smart, T. (1993, October 4). Can Xerox duplicate its glory days? Business
Week [Online], 56-58. CompuServe. Available: Lexis-Nexis [1995, November
14].
11. ABSTRACT, CD-ROM
Basic Form
Author/compiler. (Date). Title of abstract (use italics for disserta-
tion title) [Publication medium]. Title of Journal (if abstract appears
in a journal), Volume, paging (if given). Available: Source and
retrieval identification.
Example
Barsky, J. D. (1992). Customer satisfaction in the hotel industry:
Meaning and measurement [CD-ROM]. Available: UMI ProQuest File:
Dissertation Abstracts Ondisc Item DAI-A 52/10.
12. MATERIAL FROM ONLINE DATABASE
Basic Form
Author. (Date). Title [Publication medium, such as online
database]. Location and name of computer service, producer, or distributor of
content. Available: URL (Protocol:Site/Path/File) ["search term" if
necessary for data retrieval] [Access date].
Examples
Mirza, Q. (1995). Race Relations in the Work Place [Online
database]. Warwick, England: CRER Database of Resources in Ethnic Relations.
Available: http://www.warwick.ac.uk/www/faculties/
social_studies/CRER_RC/search.html ["women" "work"] [10
June 1996].
Women- and Minority-owned Business Surveys (1994) [Online
database]. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau. Available:
http://www.census.gov/ftp/pub/econ/www/mu0200.html [12 May 1996].
International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: Financial Crimes and
Money Laundering (1996, March) [Online database]. Washington, DC: U.S.
Dept. of State, Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement.
Available: gopher://dosfan.lib.uic.edu:70/ OF1%3A21342%3A5.7K [9 June 1996].
13. NEWSPAPER ARTICLE, ONLINE, SIMPLE
Basic Form
Author. (Date). Title. Newspaper Title [Publication medium],
paging. Available: URL (Protocol:Site/Path/File) [Access date].
Example
Markoff, J. (1996, June 5). Voluntary rules proposed to help insure
privacy for Internet users. The New York Times [Online]. Available:
http://www.nytimes.com/library/cyber/week/y05dat.html [5 June 1996].
14. NEWSPAPER ARTICLE, ONLINE, USING SEARCH TERM
Basic Form
Author. (Date). Title. Newspaper Title [Publication medium],
paging. Available: URL (Protocol:Site/Path/File) ["search term" if
necessary for data retrieval] [Access date].
Example
Chapman, G. (1996, April 1). Your name and privacy--lost in cyberspace?Los
Angeles Times [Online], D-7. Available: http://www.latimes.com/
home/research/archives/SIMPLE.HTM ["forged e-mail"] [1996, June 5].
15. DISCUSSION LIST MESSAGE, REAL TIME
Basic Form
Author. (Date). Subject of message. Discussion List [Publication
medium]. Available E-mail: DISCUSSION LIST@E-mail address [Access date].
Example
Bowman, J. (1996, December 10). Employee communication skills. Business
Communication. [Online]. Available E-mail: BIZCOM@ebbs. english.vt.edu
[1996, December 11].
16. DISCUSSION LIST MESSAGE, ARCHIVED
Basic Form
Author. (Date). Subject of message. Discussion List [Publication
medium]. Available E-mail: LISTSERV@E-mail address/GET [Access date].
Example
Sandwen, J. (1995, August 8). GSA's airline city-pair contracts. Travel
[Online]. Available E-mail: LISTSERV@financenet.gov/ Get travel 950809 [1996,
December 11].
17. NEWSGROUP ARTICLE
Basic Form
Author (if given). (Date). Article title. Newsgroup focus. Available:
URL (Protocol:Topic.Subtopic[s]) [Access date].
Example
Japan sends confusing signal on U.S. chip dispute. (1996, June 3). News
on world, Asia, and Japan business. Available: news:clari.world. asia.japan.biz
[1996, June 5].
18. PERSONAL ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION (E-MAIL)
Basic Form
Sender (Sender's E-mail address). (Date). Subject of Message.
E-mail to recipient (Recipient's E-mail address).
Example
Omar, B. W. (bomar@aol.com). (1996, June 5). Excellent Web Sites for
Job Seekers. E-mail to M. E. Guffey (meguffey@rain.org).
